Different Types of Academic Papers: A Quick Overview\n\n\n\n\n→ 1. Research Articles: Present original research findings with structured sections (abstract, methodology, results, etc.).\n\n→ 2. Review Articles: Summarize and synthesize existing research, identifying trends and gaps.\n\n→ 3. Case Studies: Offer detailed analysis of specific cases to explore real-life situations.\n\n→ 4. Theoretical Papers: Present new theories or conceptual frameworks, offering critical analysis of existing ones.\n\n→ 5. Methodological Papers: Introduce new research methods and evaluate their effectiveness.\n\n→ 6. Literature Reviews: Review and critique the literature on a particular topic, identifying gaps and key themes.\n\n→ 7. Position Papers: Argue a stance on a specific issue with evidence and reasoning.\n\n→ 8. Conference Papers: Present research findings at conferences, often shorter than journal articles.\n\n→ 9. Technical Reports: Document technical research processes and outcomes, providing data and analysis.\n\n→ 10. Editorials and Commentaries: Offer opinions or insights on current issues, aiming to provoke thought and discussion.\n\n\n\n\n#AcademicWriting #ResearchPapers #PhDStudies #TypesOfPapers
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Banda Khalifa MD, MPH, MBA
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Most people struggle with the Discussion section. Use these 6 Key Steps to Write the Discussion Section of Your Paper/Thesis
———————————————
The discussion section is where you interpret your findings, connect them to the broader literature, and highlight their implications.
A well-crafted discussion strengthens your research paper by providing clarity and context for your results.
Follow these six steps to make your discussion impactful and concise.
———————————————
1️⃣ Start with a Summary of Key Findings
→ Highlight the results without repeating
detailed data from the results section.
↳ Emphasize findings that directly address
your hypotheses or research questions.
↳ Example: “Our study revealed a significant
association between statin use and reduced
COVID-19 severity.”
2️⃣ Compare Findings to Existing Literature
→ Discuss how your results align with or
challenge previous studies.
↳ Cite relevant studies to provide context and
support your findings.
↳ Highlight any patterns, discrepancies, or
new contributions to the field.
3️⃣ Explain the Implications
→ Address what your findings mean for
practice, policy, or theory.
↳ Show how your results help solve the
research problem.
↳ Example: “Our findings suggest a potential
role for statin therapy in mitigating
COVID-19 outcomes, with implications for
hospital protocols.”
4️⃣ Acknowledge Study Limitations
→ Be transparent about methodological or
sample-related limitations.
↳ Address potential biases, generalizability, or
areas where the study fell short.
↳ Suggest how future research can address
these limitations.
5️⃣ Suggest Directions for Future Research
→ Propose new areas for exploration based on
your findings.
↳ Identify gaps in the literature or unanswered
questions.
↳ Example: “Future studies should investigate
long-term effects of statin use across
diverse populations.”
6️⃣ End on a Strong, Balanced Note
→ Conclude with key takeaways, emphasizing
the study’s significance.
↳ Maintain a tone that is optimistic yet realistic
—avoid overstating claims.
↳ Example: “While our findings are promising,
further research is needed to confirm these
outcomes in broader clinical settings.”
———————————————
Final Thoughts
→ A well-structured discussion enhances your paper’s impact by bridging results with broader insights. Keep it clear, concise, and compelling.
→ What part of the discussion section do you find most challenging?
♻️ Repost, hit follow, and turn on notifications 🔔
#ResearchWriting #DiscussionSection #AcademicPublishing
———————————————
The discussion section is where you interpret your findings, connect them to the broader literature, and highlight their implications.
A well-crafted discussion strengthens your research paper by providing clarity and context for your results.
Follow these six steps to make your discussion impactful and concise.
———————————————
1️⃣ Start with a Summary of Key Findings
→ Highlight the results without repeating
detailed data from the results section.
↳ Emphasize findings that directly address
your hypotheses or research questions.
↳ Example: “Our study revealed a significant
association between statin use and reduced
COVID-19 severity.”
2️⃣ Compare Findings to Existing Literature
→ Discuss how your results align with or
challenge previous studies.
↳ Cite relevant studies to provide context and
support your findings.
↳ Highlight any patterns, discrepancies, or
new contributions to the field.
3️⃣ Explain the Implications
→ Address what your findings mean for
practice, policy, or theory.
↳ Show how your results help solve the
research problem.
↳ Example: “Our findings suggest a potential
role for statin therapy in mitigating
COVID-19 outcomes, with implications for
hospital protocols.”
4️⃣ Acknowledge Study Limitations
→ Be transparent about methodological or
sample-related limitations.
↳ Address potential biases, generalizability, or
areas where the study fell short.
↳ Suggest how future research can address
these limitations.
5️⃣ Suggest Directions for Future Research
→ Propose new areas for exploration based on
your findings.
↳ Identify gaps in the literature or unanswered
questions.
↳ Example: “Future studies should investigate
long-term effects of statin use across
diverse populations.”
6️⃣ End on a Strong, Balanced Note
→ Conclude with key takeaways, emphasizing
the study’s significance.
↳ Maintain a tone that is optimistic yet realistic
—avoid overstating claims.
↳ Example: “While our findings are promising,
further research is needed to confirm these
outcomes in broader clinical settings.”
———————————————
Final Thoughts
→ A well-structured discussion enhances your paper’s impact by bridging results with broader insights. Keep it clear, concise, and compelling.
→ What part of the discussion section do you find most challenging?
♻️ Repost, hit follow, and turn on notifications 🔔
#ResearchWriting #DiscussionSection #AcademicPublishing
#LinkedInFamily, I have accepted the offer.
I am humbled to have been selected as one of the 13 applicants and the only African from a pool of over 350 worldwide for the prestigious Ph.D. epidemiology program at the No.1 school of public health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. I will be focusing on Infectious Disease Track and Vaccine Science Policy.
In addition, I will join renowned global health leaders at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC) as a Research Associate on an Asian Development Bank (ADB) - funded project.
It has been a tremendously rewarding experience to serve as a Vaccine/Health delivery advisor at the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change. Working alongside Sam Mensah-Baah, Fanny Mégret, Jonathan Said, Dr Ebere Okereke Opeoluwa A. and the rest of the amazing team.
Emerging infectious diseases will continue to threaten global health, and recent events and experiences in the frontlines have reinforced my conviction to accept this offer. There has never been a greater need for global health leaders with in-depth technical knowledge.
When I think back to where my academic journey began, it sometimes seems inexplicable. Every struggle or obstacle you overcome strengthens you as long as you keep fighting.
Thank you, The Johns Hopkins University for believing in my ability to become a global change maker.
The Johns Hopkins Sommer Scholars Program made my MPH and MBA possible. 😊
Thank you to my wonderful and supportive wife☺️, Umaima Tahir Banda MLS, MPH who graduated from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health this year as a member of the Delta Omega Alpha.
Much gratitude to Professors Marie Diener-West , Stefan Baral , chris beyrer, Caitlin Kennedy and G. Caleb Alexander. And special thanks to Chuka Anude, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H. Charles Berko, MD, MPH, FACP and many more.
And to my family, Saeed Abdallah, Zakari Khalifa whose support, love, and prayers have never wavered.
I anticipate an exciting but challenging journey and look forward to sharing my experiences!
I will also continue to mentor “dedicated“ mentees.
Cheers to all the outliers who are pushing against the odds.
#graduateschool
#mentorship
#globalhealth
#publichealth
I am humbled to have been selected as one of the 13 applicants and the only African from a pool of over 350 worldwide for the prestigious Ph.D. epidemiology program at the No.1 school of public health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. I will be focusing on Infectious Disease Track and Vaccine Science Policy.
In addition, I will join renowned global health leaders at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC) as a Research Associate on an Asian Development Bank (ADB) - funded project.
It has been a tremendously rewarding experience to serve as a Vaccine/Health delivery advisor at the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change. Working alongside Sam Mensah-Baah, Fanny Mégret, Jonathan Said, Dr Ebere Okereke Opeoluwa A. and the rest of the amazing team.
Emerging infectious diseases will continue to threaten global health, and recent events and experiences in the frontlines have reinforced my conviction to accept this offer. There has never been a greater need for global health leaders with in-depth technical knowledge.
When I think back to where my academic journey began, it sometimes seems inexplicable. Every struggle or obstacle you overcome strengthens you as long as you keep fighting.
Thank you, The Johns Hopkins University for believing in my ability to become a global change maker.
The Johns Hopkins Sommer Scholars Program made my MPH and MBA possible. 😊
Thank you to my wonderful and supportive wife☺️, Umaima Tahir Banda MLS, MPH who graduated from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health this year as a member of the Delta Omega Alpha.
Much gratitude to Professors Marie Diener-West , Stefan Baral , chris beyrer, Caitlin Kennedy and G. Caleb Alexander. And special thanks to Chuka Anude, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H. Charles Berko, MD, MPH, FACP and many more.
And to my family, Saeed Abdallah, Zakari Khalifa whose support, love, and prayers have never wavered.
I anticipate an exciting but challenging journey and look forward to sharing my experiences!
I will also continue to mentor “dedicated“ mentees.
Cheers to all the outliers who are pushing against the odds.
#graduateschool
#mentorship
#globalhealth
#publichealth
