Today the EU ban on destruction of unsold clothes, accessories and shoes enters into force.
As of 19 July 2026, large companies across the EU are officially banned from destroying unsold clothes, clothing accessories and footwear. This is one of the concrete measures under the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR).
Why does this matter?
Destroyed textiles generate around 5.6 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually, almost equal to Sweden's total net emissions in 2021. An estimated 4 to 9% of unsold textiles in Europe are destroyed before ever being worn. France alone destroys roughly €630 million worth of unsold goods a year, while Germany discards nearly 20 million returned items annually.
What value is being thrown away?
Every unsold garment represents value built up long before it reaches a warehouse, including raw materials, the water and energy used in manufacturing, the labour involved, and the logistics of getting the item to market. When that garment is shredded or landfilled instead of sold, none of that invested value is recovered. It's a pure loss, both economically and environmentally.
There's also an opportunity cost. Many destroyed products are still entirely fit for purpose. They could clothe people, generate revenue through resale, or be recycled into new materials. Destruction removes all of these possibilities at once, which is why regulators have decided it can no longer be a routine, cost-free way of managing surplus stock.
What's actually changing?
Companies can no longer default to landfill or shredding. Instead, the rules push towards reuse, repair and more resource-efficient practices, such as selling through discounts, donating to charities, or pursuing other sustainable pathways.
What are the exceptions?
Destruction is still allowed in narrow cases, such as when items are unsafe, damaged, counterfeit, or rejected by charities. Businesses relying on these exemptions must prove it with documents or test results, and must publish annual reports on what they discard.
Who's affected, and when?
Large companies must comply now. Medium-sized companies have until 2030. Small and micro-businesses are exempt entirely.
Non-compliance isn't just a reputational risk anymore. Authorities plan on imposing fines for violations, and companies must keep records for five years to allow inspections.
This is a meaningful shift towards a circular economy in fashion in Europe and globally given the importance and value of the European fashion ecosystem.
#sustainability #circulareconomy #fashionindustry #espr #euregulation #compliance